Three Dimensional Biomechanical Analysis of the Drag in Penalty Corner Drag Flick Performance

Abstract

Penalty corner in field hockey is a complex motor skill. It required high level of coordination. The aim of this study was to provide important biomechanical variables related information for the Sports biomechanist, Young sports scientist, Coaches and also for drag flick specialist for their performance enhancement programs. Four specialist male drag-flickers of two different universities namely  LNIPE, Gawalior , and Aligarh Muslim University , Aligarh, age range 19-25 years, height ranged 174-182cm and weight range  59.4- 66.8 Kg. and all having six to eight years of experiences were participated in this study. Three dimensional (3D) experimental setup was conducted for the study. All of the measurements were carried out on the Asto truf ground in their respective universities fields. Two video cameras Canon Legria SF-10 were used to capture all drag flick trials. The shuttering speed of cameras were set on 1/1000 and 50hz frame rate. Both cameras were set with the help of tripod placed at right side of the subjects mounted at a height of 1.2m. During captured drag flick, the distances of cameras were set at 13m and 17m from the stationary ball position and  optical axes of the recording cameras were intersect each other on the subject at 90° and 60° respectively to right side  in a field setting.  The drag flickers and ball movement during the drag flick phase were recorded. Videos footages were edited and synchronized for 3D biomechanical analysis. DLT method was used to calibrate of both the cameras. The drag distance, stride length, ball velocity and acceleration, angles, linear and angular velocity and linear and angular acceleration of shoulder, knee, elbow, wrist of left and right side were digitized and three dimensional data was obtained with the help of Max TRAQ 3D motion analysis software.SPSSv.16. was used to calculate the selected parameters and statistical analysis mean and standard deviations. T-test was used to find out the comparison between LNIPE, Gawalior and A.M.U.Aligarh. And the result was found that drag distance and hockey stick blade, linear velocity of shoulder (L&R), pelvic (L&R), Knee (L) and wrist (R),angular velocity of shoulder (L&R), elbow (L&R), pelvic(L&R), Knee(L), ankle(R)  and wrist(R), linear acceleration of hockey stick blade and ball, shoulder (L), Knee(R), ankle(R) and toe(R), angular acceleration of wrist (R) and joint angles of  shoulder (L&R), elbow (L), wrist (R) and ankle(R) during drag differs significantly and hence does influences on drag flick technique under accuracy condition.

Keywords: Drag of Dragflick, Biomechanical, Three Dimensional, Motion analysis, performance