Adherence to Recommended Life Style Modification Therapy and Associated Factors among Hypertensive Patients in Bishoftu Town Public Health Facilities, Oromia Ethiopia

Abstract

One of the components of the chronic care model that aims to empower patients for the improvement of their health status is life style modification therapy. Poor adherence to recommended lifestyle modification therapy of hypertension represents a serious challenge of public health programs in several countries. The main objective of this study was to asses’ adherence to recommended life style modification therapy and associated factors among hypertensive patients in Bishoftu town, public health facilities, Oromia regional state, Ethiopia. Institutional based quantitative cross-sectional study supported by a qualitative design was employed by selecting 504 respondents through Systematic random sampling from August 25, 2019 to November 15, 2019. Structured interview administer questionnaire and focus group discussions were used to collect the data. Descriptive analysis was conducted to describe study population. Both bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine factors associated with adherence to recommended life style modification therapy and p-value of < 0.05 was used to declare statistically significant. The results of the study show us Out of 506 sample size, 504 responded (99% response rate); slightly more than half, 283 (56.2%) were Female and the mean age was 54.8±10.3 years. The overall adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications was only 14.5%. This problem was well perceived by the healthcare providers as they were expressing the condition by saying, “We are fade up with it”. More than ninety percent (93.7%) were adhering to smoking cession, 87.9% were adhering to recommended alcohol consumption, 53.8% were adhering to recommended diet and only 28.8% were adhering to physical exercise. Sex (the male) (AOR=3.12, CI1.62, 6.01), unemployed patients [AOR = 0.08; 95%CI: 0.02, 0.47], hypertensive patients with recently diagnosed (<24 months) [AOR = 3.31; 95%CI: 1.26, 8.70], patients who had good knowledge [AOR = 8.22; 95%CI :3.87, 17.47] and patients frequently visit health facility [AOR = 4.33; 95%CI :1.73, 10.32] were factors associated with adherence to recommended life style modification therapy. The most frequently mentioned reasons by discussants for not adhering to recommended life style modification therapy were lack of knowledge about severity of illness, female occupied with busy life and lack of social support.

Keywords: Hypertension, Life style modification, adherence, Bishoftu

DOI: 10.7176/JMPB/73-04

Publication date: January 31^st 2023