Magnetic Water Treatment for Elimination Scaling Salts

Abstract

This review article outlines an overview of new trends and modern approaches for practical implementation of magnetic water treatment to eliminate scaling salts (carbonate, chloride and sulfate salts of Ca²⁺, Mg²⁺, Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺ cations) in power heat-exchanger devices and pipe lines. The principles of physical effects of the magnetic field on H₂O molecules as well as the parameters of physico-chemical processes occurring in water and the behavior of the dissolved in water scaling salts subjected to the magnetic treatment are discussed. It is demonstrated that the effect of the magnetic field on water is a complex multifactorial phenomenon resulted in changes of the structure of hydrated ions as well as the physico-chemical properties and behavior of dissolved inorganic salts, changes in the rate of electrochemical coagulation and aggregate stability (clumping and consolidation), formation of multiple nucleation sites on the particles of fine dispersed precipitate consisting of crystals of substantially uniform size. There are also submitted data on constructive features of magnetohydrodynamic cell based on the permanent magnets and electromagnets (solenoids) as hydro magnetic systems (HMS), magnetic transducers (MT) and magnetic activators (MA) of water. It was estimated the efficiency of using the various magnetic water treatment devices in water treatment technologies.

Key words: magnetic field; magnetic water treatment; magnetohydrodynamic cell; scaling salts.