The Effect of Organizational Culture on Environmental Sustainability Behavior of Employees of Downstream Oil and Gas Firms in Ghana

Abstract

Environmental sustainability has become an important strategic priority for organisations, particularly within environmentally sensitive industries such as the downstream oil and gas sector. However, empirical evidence on the influence of organizational culture on employees' environmental sustainability behaviour (ESB) in Sub-Saharan Africa remains limited. This study therefore examined the effect of organizational culture on employees' environmental sustainability behaviour in downstream oil and gas firms in Ghana. The study adopted a quantitative research approach underpinned by the positivist research philosophy. Data were collected from 359 employees using a structured questionnaire and analysed using both frequentist and Bayesian statistical techniques to examine the relationship between organizational culture and employees' environmental sustainability behaviour. The findings revealed that organizational culture has a positive and statistically significant effect on employees' environmental sustainability behaviour. Bayesian analysis provided strong evidence supporting this relationship, thereby reinforcing the robustness of the frequentist results. The findings indicate that organisations characterised by supportive leadership, shared values, employee involvement, and effective coordination are more likely to promote environmentally responsible behaviour among employees. The study contributes to the literature by extending empirical evidence on employees' environmental sustainability behaviour within the downstream oil and gas sector in Sub-Saharan Africa and by demonstrating the value of integrating frequentist and Bayesian analytical approaches in organisational sustainability research. The findings further provide practical insights for managers and policymakers seeking to strengthen sustainability-oriented organizational cultures and environmental governance within the downstream oil and gas industry.

Keywords: Environmental sustainability behaviour, Organizational culture, Downstream oil and gas; Ghana, Bayesian analysis.

DOI: 10.7176/JEES/16-2-03

Publication date: July 28^th 2026