Review on the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2 (Sars Cov-2) and Covid -19 Different Potential Vaccines with Their Immunological Aspects

Abstract

On 31 December 2019, the outbreak of novel coronavirus causes cough, fever, and dyspnoea with ARDS on the peoples lived in the Wuhan city of Hubei Province in china. Later it spread across the world and affects not only the livelihood but affect economically, and also socially relentlessly. Scientist from different continents involved in discovering of its vaccine and many vaccines were produced. Therefore the objective of this work is to review the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 and corona virus disease -19’s different potential vaccines with their immunological aspects. A 2019-Novel Corona virus later renamed as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. By its nature this virus is positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus that contains spiral or circular genome inside of their crown like structure. Among the viruses structural protein, Spike protein play great role for entrance of virus into host cell. Following entry, the virus replicated in the cell, this leads to over-responsiveness of immune system that can caused gradual failures of organs and system. Although first coronavirus outbreak occurred two decades ago, no effective vaccine was developed. But after the outbreak of this virus, great number of scientists, clinicians and researchers were mobilized and develop vaccines in unprecedented timeline. Owing to urgent need, some vaccines licensed with minor side effects. Therefore, vaccine safety and efficacy should be assured prior to approval for the emergency use. Since vaccine development and sustainability have faced virus mutation, regular virus genome sequencing and analysing should be recommended to combat the upcoming viral infection.

Keywords: china, COVID-19, SARS CoV-2, mRNA, protein subunit, vaccine

DOI: 10.7176/JMPB/73-05

Publication date: January 31^st 2023