Research on the Impact of Perceived Implementation of Green Tax Policies on the Sustainable Development of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in Hanoi

Abstract

In the context of Vietnam’s commitment to achieving net-zero emissions by 2050, green taxation has emerged as a critical fiscal instrument to promote green growth and sustainable development. However, the effectiveness of green tax policies depends not only on policy design but also on firms’ perceptions and understanding during implementation. This study examines the impact of enterprises’ perceptions of green tax policy implementation on sustainable development among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Hanoi. Reliability and validity of the measurement scales were assessed using Cronbach’s Alpha, AVE, VIF, ... while Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was applied to test the proposed structural model. The findings indicate that positive perceptions of policy objectives, transparency, and enforcement mechanisms significantly enhance corporate sustainable development performance, particularly through stimulating green innovation and strengthening environmental responsibility. The study provides empirical evidence from an emerging economy and offers policy implications for improving institutional communication, ensuring policy stability, and supporting SMEs in their green transition process.

Keywords: Green Tax Policy, Policy Implementation Perception, Sustainable Development, Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs)

DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/18-5-07

Publication date: May 30^th 2026