Response of Onion (Allium Cepa L,) to Different Irrigation Levels Under Conventional Furrow Irrigation With and Without Mulch at Melkassa , Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia

Abstract

Water is a scarce resource in Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia and is a major limiting factor for crop production. Onion is one of the major economically important vegetable crops grown under irrigation in central rift valley. The field experiment was conducted at Melkasa agricultural research center during the dry season to identify conventional furrow irrigation and irrigation application level with and without mulch that maximizes productivity of onion per unit of water consumed and enhanced onion crop production. The experiment was carried out using RCB design having six treatments with three replications. The FAO’s recommended allowable Manageable depletion level of onion is 100%. In this study 75%, 100% recommended and 125% were tested. The analysis of variance for the result of the study indicated highly significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences for yield, yield components and WUE’s. The highest yield of 320.7 ton/ha  was  obtained  from  the 75%MAD with mulch  which  was  not  significantly  (P  ≤  0.05)  different  to  the  100%MAD  irrigation level.  In terms of irrigation and water use efficiency, 75%MAD irrigation level application gave the highest IWUE which was significantly different from all other treatment combinations. Yield and water use efficiency based comparison had shown that there was significant difference between the yield, CWUE, and IWUE obtained in the treatment.  Therefore, it can be  concluded  that  increased  water  saving  and  associated  water  productivity  through  the  use  of  75%MAD  with  Conventional furrow irrigation and mulch, can solve problem of water shortage which improve WUE without significant reduction of yield.75%MAD irrigation  level  water  applied  system and mulch  appears  to  be  a  promising  alternative  for  water  conservation  and  labor  saving  with negligible trade-off in yield.

Keywords: Furrow irrigation, MAD, Onion, Water productivity

DOI: 10.7176/ALST/89-03

Publication date:August 31^st 2021