Physicochemical and Microbiological Characteristics of Thermal Healing Spring Waters in the District of Varna

Defined are the physicochemical properties of healing thermal and non-thermal spring waters in the area of Varna District. It is shown that according to 18 controlled parameters included in the research, the thermal healing spring water drilling NoР-83хКК “Saints Constantine and Helena”, thermal healing spring water Р-1х “Aquarium”, thermal healing spring water Р-106 х “Dom Mladost”, thermal healing spring water Р-161х Varna at “Primorski” swimming pool, fulfill the required conditions for drinking water.The spring waters from the given four water sources are characterized by microbiological indicators, as the pathogenic micro-organisms are defined by the membrane method. It is established that thermal healing spring water drilling NoР-83хКК “Saints Constantine and Helena”, thermal healing spring water Р-1х “Aquarium”, thermal healing spring water Р-106 х “Dom Mladost”, thermal healing spring water Р-161х Varna at “Primorski” swimming pool, fulfill the standard requirements. “The healing water” of village Goren Chiflik, District of Varna does not conform with the physicochemical indicators given for nitrates, and microbiological indicators with regards to coliform bacteria and enterococci.


Non-thermal healing spring "Healing water", village of Goren Chiflik
Healing water that can be ignited and can burn, it springs up in the locality Botevo near Dolni Chiflik. That is due to the methane contained within it. The water comes up years ago after drilling for natural gas. The phenomenal liquid springs up like a geyser from 600 meters depth. Research shows that the water contains around 30% iodine and helps for gastro-intestinal conditions, arthritis, skin and eye diseases.

Materials and methods
In the work are used thermal healing waters from the district of Varna -thermal healing spring Varna 1 (Healing resort "Saints Constantine and Helena") with water temperature of 48°С, thermal healing spring city of Varna 2 (P-1x "Aquarium) with water temperature of 47°С, thermal healing spring Varna 3 (P-106 x "Dom Mladost") with water temperature of 40°С, thermal healing spring Varna 4 (P-161x Varna at swimming pool "Primorski") with water temperature of 50°С, non-thermal healing spring "Healing water", village of Goren Chiflik.

Results and discussion
It is done a comparative physicochemical analysis of mineral spring waters at the territory of Varna District by the main indicators (colour according to Rublyovska Scale, smell at 20°С, turbidity, pH, oxidisability, chlorides, nitrates, nitrites, ammonium ions, general hardness, sulphates, calcium, magnesium, phosphates, manganese, iron, fluorides, electrical conductivity). The results from these examinations are given in Table 1. The trial data reveal that thermal healing spring water drilling №Р-83хКК "Saints Constantine and Helena", thermal healing spring water Р-1х "Aquarium", thermal healing spring water Р-106 х "Dom Mladost", thermal healing spring water Р-161х at "Primorski" swimming pool are in compliance with the controlled parameters set out in Ordinance № 9 / 2001, Official State Gazette, issue 30, and decree № 178 / 23.07.2004 about the quality of water, intended for drinking purposes. The "Healing water", village of Goren Chiflik, District of Varna is not in compliance with regards to nitrates -higher than 130 milligrams per liter (RZI (Regional Health Inspection) - For the same spring waters are determined their microbiological indicators by the membrane method. In Table 2 are shown the experimental studies from the determination of total number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria. Table 2 Determination of total number of mesophilic aerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria Examined water source Indicator, cfu/cm 3 1. Thermal healing spring Varna 1 (drilling №Р-83х Health Resort "Saints Constantine and Helena") with water temperature of 48 °С 4± 1 2. Thermal Healing Spring Varna 2 Р-1х "Aquarium") with water temperature of 47 °С 5 -7 3. Thermal Healing Spring Р-106 х "Dom Mladost" with water temperature of 40 °С 5 ± 1 4. Thermal Healing Spring Р-161х Varna at "Primorski" swimming pool with water temperature of 50 °С 5-8 5. Healing spring ,,Healing water" village of Goren Chiflik 170-180 According to the standard requirements from the examined water samples from the four springs, the water is clean.
The presence of coliforms and Escherichia coli is determined by the membrane method, and according to Ginchev's method. The trial results (Table 3 and Table 4) reveal that thermal healing spring drilling №Р-83х Health Resort "Saints Constantine and Helena" with water temperature of 48°С, thermal healing spring Р-1х "Aquarium" with water temperature of 47°С, thermal healing spring Р-106 х "Dom Mladost" with water temperature of 40°С, thermal healing spring Р-161х Varna ate "Primorski" swimming pool, are in compliance with the requirements for presence of coli bacteria. Non-thermal healing spring "Healing water" village of Goren Chiflik does not comply with the requirements for presence of coliform bacteria and enterococci. The given results are also confirmed by the analyses via the membrane method (Table 4). All the remaining indicators are determined by the membrane method.  Based on the conducted physicochemical and microbiological evaluations it is established that from the five examined springs at the territory of Varna District only thermal spring water, drilling №Р-83хКК "Saints Constantine and Helena", thermal healing spring water Р-1х "Aquarium", thermal healing spring water Р-106 х "Dom Mladost", thermal healing spring water Р-161х Varna at "Primorski" swimming pool correspond to all controlled parameters according to Ordinance № 9 / 2001, Official State Gazette, issue 30, and decree № 178 / 23.07.2004 about the quality of water, intended for drinking purposes, and with regards to microbiological parameters thermal healing water, drilling №Р-83хКК "Saints Constantine and Helena", thermal healing spring water Р-1х "Aquarium", thermal healing spring water Р-106 х "Dom Mladost", thermal healing spring water Р-161х at "Primorski" swimming pool are in compliance with the requirements for drinking water.
"Healing water" village of Goren Chiflik, Varna District does not comply with physicochemical indicators given for nitrates -them being higher than 130 milligrams per litre (Regional Health Inspection (RZI) -Varna), and with regards to microbiological indicators it is not in compliance with the requirements for presence of coliform bacteria and enterococci. According to Ordinance № 9 / 2001, Official State Gazette, issue 30, and decree № 178 / 23.07.2004 about the quality of water, intended for drinking purposes, it is not suitable for drinking.