The Relationship between Hierarchy Ambiguity and Emotional Cut off among a Sample of Married Female and Male Employees Working at Some Public Hospitals in Amman

the present study aimed to explore the relationship between hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off among a sample of married female and male employees working in 2 public hospitals in Amman, Jordan. It aimed to explore the levels of hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off in accordance with (the duration of the marriage, family income, and academic qualifications). The sample consists from 155 individuals (doctors and nurses) who work in the operation and ICU rooms in public hospitals. The researchers used two scales; the hierarchy ambiguity scale and the emotional cut off scale. It was found that the respondents’ hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off levels are low. It was found that there isn’t any statistically significant relationship between hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off. It was found that there isn’t any statistically significant difference in the respondents’ hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off which can be attributed to the family income and academic qualifications. That doesn’t apply to marriage duration. For instance, it was found that there is a significant difference between the respondents’ emotional cut off levels which can be attributed to the marriage duration for the favor of the ones who have been married for a period that exceeds 5 years. It was found that there isn’t any statistically significant difference between the respondents’ hierarchy ambiguity which can be attributed to the marriage duration.

. The inequality-related thoughts are influenced by sexual expectations. The status of the spouse who benefit more and the status of the spouse who benefit less are affected by the marital disputes. It should be noted that marital distress and low marital satisfaction are strongly connected with benefitting less (Le Baron, 2014). Spouses seek enjoying equality in roles and responsibilities in order to settle conflicts. However, spouses must waive some rights and adjust the thoughts related to marital happiness in accordance with the surrounding situations. The unequal relationship creates a tensed atmosphere and increases the probabilities of experiencing depression (Deckers, 2007). The equity theory is an objective theory that is based on one's perceptions about the relationship. It interprets the transformations made to the decision making process due to the financial status of the spouses or the shift from one stage to another (Webster & Rice, 1996).
The equivalence between spouses throughout the marital stages change. That's attributed to the acquisition of new characteristics by one or the family. Each marital stage requires meeting certain demands. Meeting such demands shall enable the family member to perform his/her functions. Seeking to meet the sexual role assigned by society shall reduce the capability of the spouse to do his/her functions (Smith & Smith, 2006).

Emotional cut off
Any defect in the family relationships shall lead to experiencing psychological instability by the family members. Providing inadequate attention by the spouses to addressing this defect shall lead to the loss of respect and positive emotions. It may lead to experiencing emotional cut off. Emotional cut off leads to many disputes between the spouses. That shall threaten the survival of the marital relationship. It shall also reduce the emotional harmony between them ((Al-Shwashreh and Abed Al-Rahman, 2018).
Titleman (2003) Clarified that the emotional cutoff couldn't be occurred or continued in the presence of one individual; it is a process needs at least two individuals to feel emotionally cutoff. Bowen (1978) adds that emotional cut off refers to a method that is used by individuals in order to alienate themselves from their families in order to reduce the emotional burden derived from problems. Kerr (1988) suggests that emotional cut off refers to cutting off the relationship with the family due the feelings of distress. Such feelings result from emotional miscommunication. According to Weiss (1976), marriage problems may lead to experiencing distress by the spouse. Such distress is considered similar to the distress experienced by children who stopped being attached to their parent. It usually leads to the separation of adults (Weiss, 1976) Emotional cut off is considered an extreme solution for reducing the anxiety resulting from close relationship to a family member causing tension. It is practiced through staying away from that family member or avoiding the tensed situations that involves interacting with him. It shall lead to the emergence of more problems (Sholevar&Schwoeri, 1986).
Emotional cut off may be practiced intentionally in order to avoid major conflicts that cause tension. It may be practiced internally or physically. The signs indicating that emotional cut off is being experienced include: separation, isolation, withdrawal, loneliness, and denial for the significance of the relationship (titelmam, 2003).
There are factors leading to experiencing emotional cut off. Emotional cut off may be experienced after the passage of numerous years. It may be initiated by a spouse suddenly due to a conflict. That's because the latter spouse believes that the relationship should not continue after the occurrence of this dispute that. Emotional cut off may be initiated by both spouses (Gilbert, 2006).
The types of emotional cut off are (Titelman, 2003): 1-Primary emotional cut off: This emotional cut off is practiced when one cuts off his relationship with his/her parent(s) In Bowen theory, differentiation is considered the most important factors. It's affected by psychological health and maturity. It affects marital disputes, emotional cut off and signs of failure to adapt among spouses. Internal differentiation manifests through separating ideas and emotions. That is done through achieving a balance between intimacy and autonomy. The couples with low level of differentiation can't be impartial. They also have low autonomy level (Titelman, 2003) The second central key in Bowen theory is that both of the spouses represent their families, and develop the relationship when they're being more cognitively balanced, and works as a unit (Gladding, 2002).
Every Spouse holds the unresolved psychological issues with his/her family of origin to the marital relationship; so when one of the spouses feels emotionally cutoff, it will accompanied with an anxiety that creates negative behaviors to compensate this obstacle and reach the main goal which is the balance between individuality (the tendency to independency) and togetherness (the need to be belonged and acceptable, this balance creates the inner peace (Bazant, 2009).
Maggie Hayes (1979) studied the causes of divorce among spouses in middle age years indicated that the majority of the spouses with the husband dominant pattern impeded gaining an acceptable independency, and achieving progress at the academic and career wise. Moreover, in some cases, the husband-wife dominant pattern may increase the probability of the marital violence (Sholevar&Scwoeri, 2003). Especially when it is related to a vocational chronic stress, the likelihood to engage in psychological and physical aggression is higher (Frye&Kerney, 2006).and marital withdrawal following this heavy load times at work (Story&Repetti, 2006).
Many societies suffer from emotional cut off, such as: Asian societies. In such societies, the emotional cut off is prevalent. That's attributed to the nature of the dominant culture (Sahebihagh, Khirshidi, Atri&Jafarabadi, 2017). For instance, the culture may set many social determinants. Such determinants emphasize the significance of protecting families, sons and daughters. That leads to increasing the possibilities of experiencing emotional cut off. That's because people in such societies avoid getting divorced to avoid having negative attitudes towards them (Yeitzhak& Peleg, 2011). Walsh (2006) suggest that most of the divorce cases among the spouses who have been married for a period of (5-7) years. The divorce in such marriages is attributed to experiencing many irresolvable disputes. It's also attributed to experiencing emotional separation. Experiencing such separation shall make the spouse refrain from handling his/her responsibilities. Such refrainment shall lead to experiencing emotional cut off and using offensive expressions and expressions that involve criticism. In such a case, each spouse shall have his/her own personal life and start seeking divorce (Walsh, 2006). Jafarizadeh and Afrasiabi (2015) aimed to explore the relationship between emotional divorce and personal factors in Behbahan. The simple random sampling method was used. The sample consists from 57 individuals. A survey was used for data collection. It was found that there is a significant relationship between emotional divorce and several personal factors, such as: sex, understanding spouse, spouse expectations, using nice words by spouse, using drugs and understanding spouse situations. It was found that there isn't a significant relationship between emotional divorce and several personal factors, such as: pessimism, occupational differences, misplaced expectations, educational differences, age and forced marriage. Katyal (2017) conducted a study in India. He found that psychological exhaustion and burnout levels are higher among the nurses working at public hospitals. Thus, such nurses have higher probabilities to experience psychological problems. That applies especially to the nurses who work at the ICU room (Chaung et al., 2016). Alshawashereh and Abdel Rahman (2017) aimed to explore the relationship between emotional separation and irrational thoughts among married people. The sample consists from 242 married individuals. Two scales were used. One of them measures irrational thoughts and the other scale measures emotional separation. It was found that there is a positive significant relationship between emotional separation and irrational thoughts among married people. Values of the correlation coefficient, frequencies and percentages were calculated.
The present study aimed to shed a light on several aspects of the lives of the married employees working at the operation and ICU rooms in some public hospitals in Amman. It's necessary to understand the factors related to that within an economic and developmental frameworks. Family experience several development stages. These stages are three ones (Fenell, 2012). During the first stage, the newly married couple face many challenges and must handle many responsibilities (Gladding, 2002). Such challenges are related to daily life issues and the spouses' relationships with their families (Minuchin, 1974). In case the spouses didn't adjust themselves to meet the new demands and couldn't settle the conflicts with their family members, there shall be high probabilities to experience emotional cut off and then actual divorce (Gladding, 2002).
There are many studies that shed a light on emotional cut off worldwide (Shehabihagh, 2017). However, as far as the researchers know, there aren't many studies that shed a light on emotional cut off in Jordan. In addition, there aren't many studies that shed a light on hierarchy ambiguity. That applies especially to the studies that target the employees who work in the medical institutions in general and the employees who work in the public hospitals in particular. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the relationship between hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off among a sample of married female and male employees working in public hospitals in Amman, Jordan. It aimed to identify the levels of hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off in accordance with (the duration of the marriage, family income, and academic qualifications)

The Study's Questions:
The present study aimed to answer the following questions:

1-
What's the level of hierarchy ambiguity among the married female and male employees working at public hospitals in Amman?

2-
What's the level of emotional cut off among the married female and male employees working at public hospitals in Amman?

3-
Is there any statistically significant relationship -at the statistical significance level of (a=05)-between hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off among the married female and male employees working at public hospitals in Amman?

4-
Is there any statistically significant difference -at the statistical significance level of (a=05)-between the respondents' hierarchy ambiguity levels which can be attributed to (the duration of the marriage, family income, and academic)?

5-
Is there any statistically significant difference -at the statistical significance level of (a=05)-between the respondents' emotional cut off levels which can be attributed to (the duration of the marriage, family income, and academic)?

Methodology:
The Study's Design: The researchers adopted a descriptive approach. A correlative approach wad adopted. These approaches were adopted to explore the relationship between hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off among a sample of married female and male employees working in public hospitals in Amman, Jordan. They were adopted to explore the levels of hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off in accordance with (the duration of the marriage, family income, and academic qualifications) Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) Vol.10, No.36, 2019 Sample: Two public hospitals in Amman were sampled. One of them is located in East Amman, whereas the other is located in West Amman. The present study targeted the whole population. The population consists from all of the married female and male employees (doctors and nurses) working in the operation and ICU rooms in public hospitals in Amman. 160 questionnaire forms were distributed to the employees who work at these rooms. 5 forms were excluded due to missing data. Such missing data include demographic data and variables-related data. 155 forms were retrieved. The response rate is greater than 95%. Thus, the data in 155 forms was analyzed.
Regarding the duration of the marriage, 84 respondents have been married for a duration that's less than 5 years. 71 respondents have been married for a duration that's more than 5 years. Regarding the family income, 116 respondents have family income that is less than 1000 JDs. 39 respondents have family income that is more than 1000 JDs. Regarding academic qualifications, 39 respondents have a diploma degree or less. 116 respondents have a BA degree or a higher degree. When distributing the questionnaire forms in hospitals, the researchers complied with ethics. The present study was conducted during (July-October) of 2019. The members of the sample volunteered to participate in the present study. They agreed to participate after illustrating the significance of their participation by the researchers. The researchers distributed the questionnaire forms to the sample during the break period. The members of the sample were informed that their participation in the study is very significant. Each member of the sample filled in the form in private and gave it back to the researchers. The process of filling the form took (15-20) minutes. After collecting data, it was analyzed statistically through using the SPSS program. The value of Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated to identify the correlation between the hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off. Means and standard deviations were calculated to explore the levels of hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off in accordance with (the duration of the marriage, family income, and academic qualifications). Table (1) presents the demographic characteristics of data.

Data analysis methods:
To analyze the collected data, the researcher calculated percentages, frequencies, means and standard deviations. He also calculated the values of the correlation coefficient to explore the relationship between variables. The researcher adopted a descriptive analytical approach for analyzing data. This approach is usually adopted in scientific research for providing a sensory description for objects. It's adopted to determine whether the sensory attributes of objects are accepted or not. It's also adopted to understand and explore variables and their components (Lawless and Heymann, 1999).

Instruments
The study's instruments are identified below: The hierarchy ambiguity scale: A scale was developed for measuring the hierarchy ambiguity. It was developed after reviewing several scales, such as: the scale of the marital power, the scale for measuring the outcomes of such power (Le Baron & Miller &Yorgason, 2014), the marital decision scale (Madden, 2014), the decision making and interpersonal control scale (Mason and Smith, 2000). The hierarchy ambiguity scale aimed to measure two dimensions. The first one is the marital decision (12 items). The second dimension is marital influence (19 items /item No. 13 -item No. 31). A three-point Likert scale was adopted. It consists from the following scores: 0 score (i.e. unclear), 1 score (i.e. one of them) and 2 scores (i.e. both of them).

1-
The marital decision dimension: It is connected to the one who makes the final decision in various aspects of life. It is represented in items No. (2 ،3 ،4 ،5 ،6 ،7 ،8،9 ،10 ،11 ،12 ،1). The scores of this dimension is within the range of (0-12).

2-
The marital influence dimension: It's one of the strength aspects in the marital hierarchy. It's represented in direct and indirect words and behaviors that the spouse uses in order to change the other spouse. It is represented in items No 13 -31. The scores of this dimension is within the range of (0-19).
The total scores are within the range of 0-31.
The maximum limit is 1 score and the minimum limit is 0 score.
The total score of the hierarchy ambiguity that is within the range of 0-33 is low. The total score of the hierarchy ambiguity that is within the range of 43-67 is moderate. The total score of the hierarchy ambiguity that is within the range of 68-100 is high.
The emotional cut off scale: This scale was developed to meet the study's goals. It consists from 30 items. It was developed after reviewing the relevant studies (Skowron& Friedlander, 1998) and the emotional separation ((Al-Shwashreh and Abed Al-Rahman, 2017).
Statistical criteria for the emotional cut off scale.
The emotional cut off scale adopted the five point Likert scale. The latter scale consists from the following categories; strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree, and strongly disagree. These categories represent the following scores respectively; 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1. The total score of the emotional cut off that is within the range of 1-2.33 is low.
The total score of the emotional cut off that is within the range of 2.34-3.67 is moderate.
The total score of the emotional cut off that is within the range of 3.68-5 is high.
These statistical criteria were set through the following method: (The maximum limit (5)/ the minimum limit (1))/ The number of categories (3) Thus, the interval is 1.33 The study's procedures: Ethical consent: The consent of the institutional review Board (IRB) at Jordan University Hospital was obtained. The consent of the institutional review Board (IRB) at the Jordanian Ministry of Health was obtained. These consents were obtained in order to collect data from the employees who work at the aforementioned hospitals Pilot study Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) Vol.10, No.36, 2019 Emotional cut off Measuring validity through experts: The emotional cut off scale was passed to ten (10) university professors who were selected from the University of Jordan. They were also selected from other public and private Jordanian universities. They are specialized in counselling, including family counselling. They were asked to provide their opinions about the relevancy of each item to the study's goals. They were asked to provide their opinions about language, and clarity of items. They were asked to make deletions, additions, and changes. The researchers decided to keep the items that are approved by 80% of the experts. The sample percent applies to the adjustment of statements. Nine statements were deleted based on the experts' opinions. These items are items No. (10 ،22 ، 27 ، 31 ، 32 ،33 ،35 ،39). Thus, the final version of the scale consists from 30 items.

The discriminant functions of each item
In order to measure the structural validity of the scale, the values of the correlation coefficient were calculated. That was done after retrieving the questionnaire forms from an exploratory sample. The exploratory sample consists from 30 married female and male employees working in public hospitals. However, the members of the exploratory sample are different from the members of the actual sample. The values of the correlation coefficient represent validity. They are within the range of 0.86-0.34. The table listed below displays these values: Reliability of the emotional cut off scale: In order to measure the reliability of the emotional cut off scale, the total value of the internal consistency coefficient (i.e. Cronbach Alpha coefficient) was calculated. That was done after retrieving the questionnaire forms from an exploratory sample. The exploratory sample consists from 30 married female and male employees working in public hospitals. However, the members of the exploratory sample are different from the members of the actual sample. The total value of the Cronbach Alpha coefficient is 0.95.The values of the Cronbach Alpha coefficient enable the researchers to meet the study's goals.
The hierarchy ambiguity scale: Validity of the scale was measured through two methods: Measuring validity through experts: The hierarchy ambiguity scale was passed to ten (10) university professors who were selected from the University of Jordan. They were also selected from other public and private Jordanian universities. They are specialized in counselling, including family counselling. They were asked to provide their opinions about the relevancy of each item to the study's goals. They were asked to provide their opinions about language, and clarity of items. They were asked to make deletions, additions, and changes. The researchers decided to keep the items that are approved by 80% of the experts. The sample percent applies to the adjustment of statements. Nine statements were deleted based on the experts' opinions. In order to measure the structural validity of the scale, the values of the correlation coefficient were calculated. That was done after retrieving the questionnaire forms from an exploratory sample. The exploratory sample consists from 30 married female and male employees working in public hospitals. However, the members of the exploratory sample are different from the members of the actual sample. The values of the correlation coefficient represent validity. They are within the range of 0.75-0.12. The table listed below displays these values:  The present study aimed mainly to explore the relationship between hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off among a sample of married female and male employees working at public hospitals in Amman. The first and second questions are answered through calculating means and standard deviations. The third question is answered through calculating the values of Pearson correlation coefficient. The fourth question is answered through conducting the three way analysis of variance The study's first question: What's the level of hierarchy ambiguity among the married female and male employees working at public hospitals in Amman?
To answer this question, means and standard deviations were calculated. The table below illustrates these values The percentage of the hierarchy ambiguity of taking the marital decision is 3.3. The percentage of the hierarchy ambiguity of marital influence is 24.9. The total percentage of the hierarchy ambiguity is 16.8. All of the latter decisions is low.
The study's second question: What's the level of emotional cut off among the married female and male employees working at public hospitals in Amman?
To answer this question, means and standard deviations were calculated. The table below illustrates these values Q.3: Is there any statistically significant relationship -at the statistical significance level of (a=05)-between hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off among the married female and male employees working at public hospitals in Amman?
The values of Pearson correlation coefficient are calculated to answer this question. Table (7) displays the values of Pearson correlation coefficient to identify the relationship between hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off among the married female and male employees working at public hospitals in Amman (*)This sign means that the value is statistically significant at the statistical significance level of (a=0.05) (**)This sign means that the value is statistically significant at the statistical significance level of (a=0.01) Through table (7), it was found that there is a positive statistically significant relationship between emotional cut off from one hand and taking the marital decision and the marital influence from another hand. That was concluded among the married female and male employees working at public hospitals in Amman. It was found that there isn't any statistically significant relationship between hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off among the married female and male employees working at public hospitals in Amman.
The study's fourth question: Is there any statistically significant difference -at the statistical significance level of (a=05)-between the respondents' hierarchy ambiguity levels which can be attributed to (the duration of the marriage, family income, and academic)?
Means and standard deviations are calculated to explore the levels of hierarchy ambiguity in accordance with (the duration of the marriage, family income, and academic qualifications).  To identify the statistical significance of those differences, the three way analysis of variance was conducted. The results of the latter analysis are presented in table (9)   -It was found that there isn't any statistically significant difference-at the statistical significance level of (a=05)-between the respondents' hierarchy ambiguity levels which can be attributed to the duration of the marriage. That applies to all the areas jointly and separately.
-It was found that there isn't any statistically significant difference-at the statistical significance level of (a=05)-between the respondents' hierarchy ambiguity levels which can be attributed to the family income. That applies to all the areas jointly and separately.
-It was found that there isn't any statistically significant difference-at the statistical significance level of (a=05)-between the respondents' hierarchy ambiguity levels which can be attributed to the academic qualification of wife.. That applies to all the areas jointly and separately.
-It was found that there isn't any statistically significant difference-at the statistical significance level of (a=05)-between the respondents' hierarchy ambiguity levels which can be attributed to the academic qualification of husband. That applies to all the areas jointly and separately.

The study's fifth question:
Is there any statistically significant difference -at the statistical significance level of (a=05)-between the respondents' emotional cut off levels which can be attributed to (the duration of the marriage, family income, and academic)?
Means and standard deviations are calculated to explore the levels of emotional cut off in accordance with (the duration of the marriage, family income, and academic qualifications). Based on the table (10), it appears that there are difference between the respondents' emotional cut off levels which can be attributed to (the duration of the marriage, family income, and academic qualifications) To identify the statistical significance of those differences, the three way analysis of variance was conducted.
The results of the latter analysis are presented in table (11) below Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) Vol.10, No.36, 2019 Table (11): The results of the three-way analysis of variance to explore the statistical significance of the differences between the respondents' emotional cut off levels in accordance with (the duration of the marriage, family income, and academic qualifications) -It was found that there are statistically significant differences-at the statistical significance level of (a=05)-between the respondents' emotional cut off levels which can be attributed to the duration of the marriage. The F value is 5.016. The significance value is 0.027. The latter differences are for the favor of the ones who have been married for a period that exceeds 5 years.
-It was found that there isn't any statistically significant difference-at the statistical significance level of (a=05)-between the respondents' emotional cut off levels which can be attributed to the family income. The F value is 1.047. The significance value is 0.308 -It was found that there isn't any statistically significant difference-at the statistical significance level of (a=05)-between the respondents' emotional cut off levels which can be attributed to the academic qualification of wife. The F value is 0.775. The significance value is 0.380 -It was found that there isn't any statistically significant difference-at the statistical significance level of (a=05)-between the respondents' emotional cut off levels which can be attributed to the husband. The F value is 0.070. The significance value is 0.792.

Discussion:
The present study aimed mainly to explore the relationship between hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off among a sample of married female and male employees working in the operation and ICU rooms in public hospitals in Amman. The latter employees include doctors and nurses. Through the study's first question, the researchers aimed to identify the hierarchy ambiguity level of respondents. It was found that hierarchy ambiguity level of respondents is low. The latter result may be attributed to the fact that many respondents have BA degree or a higher degree (74.8% and 69.7%). Having such education shall enable respondents to take, and discuss decisions. Education plays a significant role in differentiation. The latter result is attributed to the fact that most of the respondents' family income is 1000 JDs or less (74.8%). High salaries and disrespect are not associated with the professions that requires dedicating much time leading the employee to delegate their spouses and then experiencing hierarchy ambiguity. Thus, the ones who work in high salary jobs shall not delegate their spouses to take decisions for a long period of time. That is consistent with what's suggested by Al-Udwan and Al-Najar (2016). The latter researchers suggest that hierarchical power is affected by several factors related to situations and capabilities of individuals. The ones who work in tiring and low income jobs experience difficulties in using methods to influence the decision making process performed by their spouses. That's because using such methods shall lead to experiencing more problems and exerting much effort. The clarity in terms of using the marital influence strategies is represented in a percentage of 75.1. Having university degrees shall make both spouses exert much effort to achieve fairness in terms of role and responsibilities. They seek achieving that in a manner that satisfies both spouses. They seek achieving based on fixed and clear foundations without using influence strategies that may indirectly weaken the marital relationship. In fact, spouses seek achieving such fairness through using indirect influence strategies. Such strategies shall make both spouses experience marital happiness and satisfaction (Olson &Defrain, 2003).
In addition that one of the most important reasons of hierarchy ambiguity is the ambiguity of the gender role criteria; the Jordanian society is a compenation of congruent nationalities which give the man clearly the right to take the final decisions.
Regarding the second question, it aims to shed al light on the level of emotional cut off among the married female and male employees working at public hospitals. It was found that the latter level is low. That may be attributed to the fact that the Jordanian society adopts eastern traditions. Such traditions hinder people from expressing emotional cut off-related issues. The same applies to many Asian countries. In such countries, talking about emotional cut off as something sensitive to talk about. In such countries, answering questions about emotional cut off is considered something socially rude. The latter result is consistent with the result concluded by Shehabihaghet al. (2018). The latter researchers suggest that the emotional cut off level among nurses is low in Iran. The employees in public hospitals enjoy higher job security levels. Their bonus system is fixed. Thus, the employees at public hospitals don't face much work pressure which may negatively marital relationship. Thus, they won't experience the phenomenon of (double income, no sex). The latter phenomenon was addressed by Olson &Defrain (2003). Most of the respondents have a BA degree or a higher degree. That shall make the respondents address the marital daily life issues with more maturity to avoid negative implications. The respondents are concerned much in generating more income. Most of the respondents' family income is 1000 JDs or less (74.8%). Such an income is considered low in comparison to the high cost of living. This category shows a high self-efficacy level as it's suggested by Shehabihagh et al. (2018). Thus, the marital satisfaction of this category is high and the emotional cut off is low. The study shows that the relationship is a negative relationship.
When the level of hierarchy ambiguity is low, the likelihood of the anxiety to occur with a psychological and emotional load as a solution to imbalance is low.
Regarding the third questions, it sheds a light on hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off among the married female and male employees working at public hospitals. It was found that there isn't any significant relationship between hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off.
The hierarchy ambiguity in the marriage hierarchy is an indicator for the occurrence of marital disputes. Such disputes may lead to experiencing emotional cut off. Differentiation is highly linked with EQ and marital satisfaction (Javadi et al., 2015). High EQ level enables one to handle work pressures wisely, and clearly without experiencing hierarchy ambiguity. That shall increase the marital satisfaction and reduce the emotional cut off level.
Regarding the fourth question, it aims to explore the differences between the respondents' hierarchy ambiguity levels which can be attributed to (the duration of the marriage, family income, and academic). It was found that there isn't any difference between the respondents' hierarchy ambiguity levels which can be attributed to the duration of the marriage. That's because the spouses with high education are capable to overcome the issues related to the relationship boundaries and determining the one who shall take the decision, and the higher level of education qualified the spouses to deal with the outside interferences from friends and the extended family which represent a reciprocal reason for hierarchy ambiguity, especially at the first and middle age of the marriage.
There isn't any significant difference between the respondents' hierarchy ambiguity levels which can be attributed to (the family income). That may be attributed to the fact that all the respondents' spouses are employees. That makes the respondents' spouses accept the income received from healthcare employees in institutions in general and such employees in public institutions in particular. The respondents' spouses are aware about the laws and regulations of healthcare professions. That shall make the respondents' marital decisions balanced, logical and consistent with the family income. Having a working spouse shall reduce how dominant the spouse is. That shall make the spouses understand each other more. The husbands' income and the wives income are close to one another. That shall participate in achieving fairness and equality. It shall Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) Vol.10, No.36, 2019 195 participate in reducing the extent of practicing dominance by the spouses.And reducing the predictable psychological and physical violence Thus, the marital relationship shall not be threatened.
The spouses' academic qualification are close to one another. Therefore, it's reasonable to have no differences between the respondents' hierarchy ambiguity levels which can be attributed to the academic qualifications. When the spouses' academic qualification are close to one another, they shall not experience a sense of inferiority. Thus, no one shall none of the spouse shall indirectly influence the decision making process made by the other in order to do what he/she desires without making the spouse feel less powerful. When the spouses' academic qualification are close to one another, none of them will need to use power to make the decision by himself/herself nor use strategies to resolve daily issues and marital disputes.
There is a significant difference between the respondents' emotional cut off levels which can be attributed to the marriage duration for the favor of the ones who have been married for a period that exceeds 5 years. That's because life is full of happiness during the beginning of the marital life. During this period, both spouses shall perceive each other in a positive manner. Such perception shall make them overcome any issue that may negatively affect their marital life (Walsh, 2006). Today, most of the married people, especially the educated married ones seek adopting a birth planning approach. That's because Jordan is experiencing a bad economic status. It's because many women today are working. It's because children are not treated properly at nurseries. To adopt a birth planning approach, women take birth control pills during the first and the second years of marriage. That's done in order for the spouses to get to know to each other. Thus, the first five years of marriage today are different that the counterpart years in the past in Jordan. In the part, women used to seek giving birth to the greatest number of male children. That's done to meet social demands and avoid feeling insecurity about their feminine identity. Thus, during the first five years of marriage, spouses aren't facing children-related pressures. However, after many years, the spouses will have children. Thus, daily life responsibilities will be maximized. In addition, the spouses will have to take care of their parents, because they have become older. That shall make life full of pressures. Thus, harmony between the spouses will disappear. That shall increase the probabilities of experiencing emotional cut off. The same is suggested through Hilly's theory. The latter theory suggests that family goes through a cycle and transformations which vary from one family to another based on the marriage duration and the presence of songs/daughters. It was found that there isn't any statistically significant difference between the respondents' emotional cut off levels which can be attributed to family income. That's because the employees in the public sector in Jordan realize the amount of income in this sector. Such employees realize that one exerts much effort to be hired in the public sector in order to enjoy high job security level. It's inconsistent with what's suggested by Katyal (2017). The latter researcher suggests that employees in public hospitals have high probabilities of experiencing emotional and psychological problems. That may be attributed to the nature of the work environment at the latter hospitals. The ones who work in the public sector in Jordan enjoy a high job security level and the vacation system is better than the counterpart system of the private sector.
It was found that there isn't any statistically significant difference between the respondents' emotional cut off levels which can be attributed to academic qualifications. That's because the husbands' academic qualifications are similar to the wives' academic qualifications. 74.8% of females have BA degree or higher and 69.7% of males have a BA degree or higher. Education plays a significant role in achieving intellectual and emotional harmony between the spouses. Reducing the likelihood of the violence .It also plays a significant role in letting the spouses avoid emotional cut off and separation.

Conclusion
It was found that the respondents' hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off levels are low. The low emotional cut off level of respondents may be attributed to the bad economic situation experienced by Jordan. It may be attributed to the low average income in Jordan. Such bad financial situations shall lead to experiencing marital problems and tensions. Such problems and tensions shall lead eventually to experiencing emotional cut off. After many years of experiencing emotional cut off, the spouses may emotionally separate or get divorced. The low emotional cut off level of respondents may be attributed to the nature of the Jordanian culture. For instance, in such a culture, it's difficult for women to ask for divorced. In addition, in such a culture, divorced women face many difficulties. Therefore, many Jordanian women shall not ask for divorce and thus, they shall experience emotional cut off level.
It was found that there is a positive statistically significant relationship between emotional cut off from one hand and taking the marital decision and the marital influence from another hand. That was concluded among the Journal of Education and Practice www.iiste.org ISSN 2222-1735 (Paper) ISSN 2222-288X (Online) Vol.10, No.36, 2019 married female and male employees working at public hospitals in Amman. It was found that there isn't any significant relationship between hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off.
It was found that there isn't any statistically significant difference in the respondents' hierarchy ambiguity and emotional cut off which can be attributed to the marriage duration, family income and academic qualifications. It was found that there is a significant difference between the respondents' emotional cut off levels which can be attributed to the marriage duration for the favor of the ones who have been married for a period that exceeds 5 years.
The researchers recommend conducting longitude studies that target the employees in public and private institutions. Such studies must explore the stages that spouses go through and the way spouses communicate with one another. They must explore whether there are differences between spouses that can be attributed to the marriage duration.
Most of the previous studies target employees in public institutions, housewives, and patients in clinics. The researchers recommend exploring marital-related factors that affect the communication between the spouses. Due to the low emotional cut off level of respondents, the researcher believes that measures must be taken by the government and social institutions for promoting knowledge among spouses about the way of maintaining a healthy relationship. The researcher also believes that measures must be taken and policies must be set to improve the financial status of the Jordanian family. That shall lead to promoting harmony and positive feelings among the members of the Jordanian family.