Nexus Between Literacy Education and Entrepreneurial Skill Acquisition of Artisans in Osun State , Nigeria

The study was examined to look at the nexus between literacy education and entrepreneurial skills of artisans in Osun State, Nigeria. Two hundred and ten (210) artisans were drawn from three Senatorial districts of Osun State, Nigeria using stratified random sampling technique. Data collected were analysed using frequency counts, percentages, and Anova analysis. Findings showed that lack of patience to spend the stipulated years for training is the major problem hindering artisans’ effectiveness in entrepreneurial skills, and those who did not acquire literacy education found it difficult to perform well. Findings also revealed that ability to be able to read and write had great impact on artisans’ entrepreneurial skills acquisition, revealing there is a nexus between literacy education and entrepreneurial skill acquisition. It was therefore recommended that individual in the society need to acquire literacy education before embarking on any entrepreneurial skill acquisition for self and the development of their society.

productivity, think positively when it comes to issues relating to politics, social life and improvement or advancement in his/her standard of living. When artisans are able to improve the quality of their productivity, this will have positive effect on the rate of technological advancement of a country.
In summary, acquiring literacy education skills empowers an individual to think positively, take good decisions about life and the society, encourages him/her to take and improve on his productivity, this will help him socially, economically and politically.

Literature Review
Educators observed literacy can be a channel to developing critical thinking skills, as it is the foundation for success in every area of an individual life (Arnett, 2017). The future of everyone in the society is improved when someone is being helped to read and write effectively or acquire the basic skills. Literacy is important to economic development of individual and the well-being of a community, as acquisition of literacy education enhances the economy of a society. When effective literacy skills are acquired by an individual, it allows access to better educational employment opportunities, this helps in guiding against underemployment and experiencing poverty by an individual, (Kelowna, 2018).
Entrepreneurial skill is observed as business skills, which an individual acquire in order to make him function effectively in business as an entrepreneur to be self-reliant (Umumadi, 2014). Literacy enables an entrepreneur to identify, initiate, organize, and bring an idea to life, this could be in the act of inventing new products, services, process, strategy or market (Mkpa, 2014). Literacy helps in the acquisition of entrepreneurial skills for efficient and effective living. It gives individual more opportunity to exercise creative freedom, higher self-esteem, and a greater sense of control over one's own life. Education is observed to be the bedrock of the development of any country, any country that does not educate her people is bound to fail (Adamu, 2017).
Individual is able to contribute to the economic development of his society through the influence of literacy education that had helped in imparting necessary skills and attitude necessary for his/her daily activities (Anugwom, 2009). Literacy education aimed at bringing positive changes in character and learning as it plays important roles in all forms of development of an individual. It initiate important development; makes a person to be balanced by surviving every situation and contributing in a meaningful way in order for the society he belong to survive (Olaniyi, 2018). Literacy education can be focused towards the provision of functional education, cultural, political, and social and in all aspects of life of the participants. It could also be directed through its programmes at providing the participants that are not employed with those with skills that could make them to be employed (Imhabekhai, 2009).
Olaniyi, (2018) further stressed that literacy education is one of the professions that is capable of caring for the political, environmental, cultural, and socio-economic problems pertaining to the adults. Also, literacy education changes the psychological and social life of adults as it makes them realise the need not to lose hope but could learn and make it in life. Okpoko (2010) states that literacy education has been regarded as a means to development, when an individual is empowered through literacy, it then becomes an opener to members of their family, community, individual, nation, and the entire world. Olojede (2013) stressed acquisition and utilization of literacy education by an individual helps in generating income in order to make living convenient and enables ones choice to be heard when decisions are being made on social and political issues. UNESCO (2014) stated literacy education is important as it assist every learner to acquire skills and knowledge necessary in daily activities, it helps learner easy communication in writing, personal security, selfconfidence, as the society will not be able to exploit or cheat someone, and employment opportunities which enables an individual to be free from unemployment, underemployment and poverty, freedom to vote and be voted for, boost ones economy, and operate machine for self-development. As opined by Kruidenier (2002), Literacy is important for acquiring skills, in the opinion of Nwafor (2009), literacy consist of making proper use of information, ideas, development of competences, rendering of services and becoming a good product for the society, but all these factors could be aided with the assistance of literacy education, thus showing there is a relationship between literacy education and artisans' entrepreneurial skills acquisition.

Objectives of the Study:
1. examine the perceived obstacles hindering artisans effective acquisition of entrepreneurial skills of artisans in Osun State, Nigeria. 2. ascertain the impact of literacy on entrepreneurial skill acquisition among artisans in Osun State, Nigeria. 3. examine the benefits of literacy education to individual welfare 100 3. What are the benefits of literacy education to the welfare of an individual in the society?

Research hypothesis
There is no significant relationship between literacy and artisans' acquisition of entrepreneurial skills in Osun State, Nigeria.

Methodology
The research design used for the study was the survey design type. The population for the study constituted the artisans who were learning different skills in Osun State, Nigeria. The sample size for the study were 214 respondents accidentally selected from three local government areas of the three senatorial districts in Osun State. The main instrument that was used for the data collection was a structured questionnaire.

Research question 1:
What is the impact of literacy education on entrepreneurial skill acquisition among artisans in Osun state? It could be observed from Table 1 that the respondents 96.3% claimed ability to read and write made entrepreneurial activity convenient, while 3.7% disagreed with the statement. It could be opined from the observed distribution that the respondents have a positive attitude towards the impact of literacy on entrepreneurial skill acquisition with 89.4% confirming it, while 10.6% did not. Findings revealed that ability to read and write made entrepreneurial skill acquisition activity to be convenient among artisans in Osun State.

Research Question 2:
What are the perceived obstacles hindering artisans' effective acquisition of entrepreneurial skills? Testing statement relating to the obstacles hindering artisans' effective acquisition of entrepreneurial skills was presented in Table 2. 83.2% of the respondents affirmed that effective acquisition of entrepreneurial skill was hindered due to inability to read and write' while 16.8% were of contrary opinion. Lastly, 84.6% which constituted the majority, the respondents confirmed lack of patience by trainee to complete the number of years expected to be effective artisans was an obstacle hindering effective acquisition of entrepreneurial skill, while 15.4% disagreed. Consecutively, the average summary showed that 78.0% of the respondents agreed on with the perceived obstacles hindering artisans' effective acquisition of entrepreneurial skills, while 22.0% indicated negative perception towards it. Findings revealed that lack of patience and inability to read and write are the major obstacles hindering effective acquisition of entrepreneurial skills by artisans in Osun State. Responding to the benefits of literacy education to the welfare of an individual, 89.4% of the respondents were of the view that literacy education enables one to buy and use good materials for the work of customers, while 10.6% of the respondents were of different view. 78% of the respondents agreed literacy education encourages one to mix with social groups for soft loans, while 22% disagreed with the statement. Also, 96.3% of the respondents agreed literacy education improves the social life of an individual, while 3.7% of the respondents disagreed with the statement. It could be concluded that Research Hypothesis: Ho: There is no significant relationship between literacy education and artisans' acquisition of entrepreneurial skill in Osun State, Nigeria. .001

Source: Field survey, 2018
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicates information concerning the total variation in the dependent variable into addictive components in that analysis of variance is not interested in the relationship between literacy education and artisans' acquisition of entrepreneurial skills. The p-value of 0.001 is less than 0.05 which is the level of significance. Since the p-value is less than 0.05, thus null hypothesis is rejected. Therefore, we reject the null hypothesis that there is no significant relationship between literacy education and artisans' acquisition of entrepreneurial skills. There is need to examine the variable and by doing regression analysis. Thus, from the table above, regression equation for the model is given below: Literacy education: 2.670+0.322*artisans acquisitions skill. The regression confirms direct relationship between literacy education and artisans' acquisition of entrepreneurial skills. Also the parameter co-efficient of the independent variable (TE) is statistically significant at 5% level is calculated t-value of 3.467.

Discussion of Findings
The purpose of the study was to establish the relationship between literacy education and entrepreneurial skill acquisition on artisans in Osun state, Nigeria. The study revealed that artisans' ability to read and write makes entrepreneurial skill acquisition activity convenient. This agrees with the finding of Mkpa (2014) that literacy enables an entrepreneur to identify , organize and bring an idea to life, which could be in the act of inventing new products, service, process, strategy or market. This shows the importance of literacy on artisans' entrepreneurial skill acquisition.
The study further revealed that effective acquisition of entrepreneurial skills was hindered due to their inability to read and write. This is in line with the finding of Adamu (2017) that education is the bedrock of the development of any country, any country that does not educate her people is bound to fail. Findings also reveals that lack of patience by trainee to complete the number of years expected for training is one of the obstacles hindering artisans effective acquisition of entrepreneurial skills. This finding is in agreement with Nwafor (2009) that acquisition of entrepreneurial skill is for efficient and effective living, it gives individual more opportunity to exercise creative freedom, higher self-esteem, and a greater sense of control over one's own life. Hence, for effectiveness of artisans in entrepreneurial skill acquisition, there are needs for them to be patient during training to acquire all the necessary knowledge expected to function as efficient entrepreneur later in life.
Findings also revealed literacy education improve the social life of an individual. This finding is also in agreement with the statement of UNESCO (2014) on the importance of literacy at assisting every learner to acquire skill and knowledge necessary in daily activities, it helps learners easy communication in writing, personal security, and self-confidence, as the society will not be able to exploit or cheat someone, freedom to vote and be voted for, boost ones economy, and function in every area in the society.
The summary of findings from this study reveals there is a nexus between literacy and entrepreneurial skill acquisition on the welfare of artisans in Osun State, as the respondents agreed that literacy education has great impact on their acquisition of entrepreneurial skills, it enables one to relate well with customers and meet their personal needs.

Conclusion
The study revealed that effective acquisition of entrepreneurial skill was hindered due to inability to read and write, and lack of patience by trainee to complete the number of years expected to be effective artisans. The study revealed that literacy education have influence or great impact on artisan's effective acquisition of entrepreneurial skill in Osun State, Nigeria.

Recommendations
It is imperative for artisans to have patience to acquire all the necessary knowledge expected of them during training so as to be useful for themselves and their society in order to have the capacity to compete with the world market Artisans are advised to have some elements of literacy education before going out to acquire knowledge on any skill to be self-reliant.