Managing Innovation Indicators: A Systematic Literature Reviews

Innovation Management is a process to manage innovation in a company so that it would be useful to create enterprises performance. There is a need of strong indicators as the support for Managing Innovation in terms of the availability of R & D Department, Risk Taking, Openness & Fortitude, and Failure Acceptances. In this paper, a systematic literature review of studies related to managing innovation is discussed. Literature review of customer involvement perspective from several journal will be conducted in this study. The objective of this study is to get a deeper knowledge of the definition of Managing Innovation. This study will be using a systematic literature review based on Kitchenham and Weerakkody study. Based on several criteria that are stated by author, the result is 18 papers which conclude that managing innovation will increase entreprises performance.

3. IEEE Xplore (www.ieeexplore.ieee.org), and 4. Google Scholar (www.scholar.google.com) The keywords have been focused on "Managing Innovation", "model," and "indicator" with the synonym possibilities as shown in Table 1. Keywords are used to find papers that are related to the defined research question. The usage of keywords is enabled by adding Boolean operator such as: AND, OR, NOT.
All of the above-mentioned sources possess a keyword-based search engine. To find a keyword, the defined search strings are: * ("index" OR "indicator") AND ("plan" OR "design OR "model") AND ("Managing Innovation" OR "Innovation Management") * ("index" OR "indicator") AND ("Managing Innovation" OR"Innovation Management") In order that the search results is more up to date, the paper of manuscript journal will be limited only as follows: • Published year after 2010 and before 2017 • Duplicating papers • Deep technical issue.

RESULT
Based on the introduction and methods that already stated, it is clear that the research question of this study will be answered, so the next stage is to set up the search process. To get prominent information, the author will be using digital libraries or database. This setting is necessary in the process of systematic literature review (SLR). The selected sources for this SLR are using Science Direct (www.sciencedirect.com), ACM Digital Library (dl.acm.org), IEEE Xplore (ieeexplore.ieee.org), and Google Scholar (scholar.google.com). The usage of keywords is applied to journals that are related with the research questions. Right after the author search in that keyword, then the related papers are shown. The next step is to read the title and short explanation for each paper. Since too many results found, the author should make an inclusion and exclusion criteria. By utilize this method, the author could narrow down the search results that he wants to find. Thus, the author should set up the inclusion criteria by several scholarly journals and subjects that are related with the marketing and consumption behavior. To gain more new knowledge, the author uses the papers published from 2010 until 2016. Based on several criteria that are stated by author, the result is 18 papers stipulated in Table 2 and Table 3:

CONCLUSION
Based on this study, we can conclude that almost of the authors of managing innovation deduced that managing innovation is necessary to increase the ability of company to achieve competitive advantage and enhance company performance.
As seen on Table 3, in general, authors and researchers concluded that in addition to produce performance, managing innovation also aims to establish a standard of innovation. The existence of a large informal sector may be a factor constraining formal firms' choices of innovation strategies in many developing countries. This paper addresses this issue and studies the impact on innovation of competition against firms in the informal sector. Using the World Bank's Enterprise Survey data from a sample of African and Latin American countries, we find that the marginal impact of informality on innovation by formal firms decreases with the intensity of competitive pressure from informal firms, consistent with an inverted-U relationship between propensity to innovate and competitive pressure from firms in the informal sector. This pattern arises even after controlling for the number of competitors, suggesting that the pressure that informal firms exert on formal firms go beyond a mere increase in the number of competitors. Christoph Grimpe, Wolfgang Sofka  Abstract Extant research has characterized a firm's search for external knowledge in its innovation activities as either relational or transactional in nature. The former implies that a firm chooses and develops collaborative relationships with knowledge sources like universities, customers or suppliers, while the latter suggests transactions governed by markets for technology. We argue that prior literature has ignored that both search strategies are interrelated and complementary: adopting one strategy has a higher marginal return on innovation performance if the other one is present. Moreover, we suggest the benefits from complementarity to be higher when a firm is more distant to the technological frontier in the industry and when markets for technology in that industry are shallow. We test our hypotheses on a sample of 3921 German firms from 2001 to 2009 and find support for our hypotheses.

Managing innovation in the bioeconomy: An open innovation perspective Original Research Article  Biomass and Bioenergy, Volume 90, July 2016, Pages 60-69
Jonas Van Lancker, Erwin Wauters, Guido Van Huylenbroeck  Abstract The transition towards a bioeconomy is increasingly viewed by both policy makers and scholars as one of the primary ways to reduce our dependency on fossil resources. However, socio-economic research on the transition towards the bioeconomy at the firm-level remains scarce. Specifically, studies approaching the bioeconomy from the technology and innovation management (TIM) concepts are particularly uncommon, although the importance of knowledge generation and innovation is considered crucial to make the transition towards a greener economy. In this study, we take a first step in addressing this issue by developing a set of guiding principles for the management of innovation processes in the bioeconomy comprised in three key issues: the relevant stakeholder groups and their importance in innovation development within the bioeconomy, the innovation network strategy and management, and organizational features considered prerequisites for collaborative innovation. This called for an identification of influencing factors specific to the bioeconomy context and the establishment of basic characteristics of innovation processes in the bioeconomy. The five identified influencing factors, the basic innovation process characteristics, and the guidelines and recommendations presented in this paper are based on insights derived from a four-staged literature research of the bioeconomy and TIM literature. In particular, we university administrators, researchers, and policy makers, especially in emerging economies, on appropriate strategies and measures in promoting synergies between research, entrepreneurialism and technology commercialization. The model provides strategies to maximize university research outputs, knowledge transfer and innovation to empower regional communities, and promote strategic and transformational partnerships, private sector engagement and economic growth opportunities for both the institution and the region. Sara Jansen Perry, Emily  M. Hunter, Steven C. Currall Abstract How can leaders best manage commitment among innovators? We applied theory on dual allegiance to multiple targets of commitment, in conjunction with person-organization fit theory, to explore the dynamics of organizational and professional commitment among scientists and engineers working in hybrid, research-focused organizations. These types of organizations are founded on large-scale multi-disciplinary and multi-institutional collaboration between academe and industry. Using both individual-and organizational-level variables collected from 255 academic science and engineering researchers working in 22 National Science Foundation-funded Engineering Research Centers, our analyses revealed that researcher innovation orientation (i.e., the predisposition to approach work in novel ways) was positively associated with organizational and professional commitment. Those relationships were moderated by two factors: organizational productivity in late-stage technology transfer and the researcher's perceived role significance (i.e., in fulfilling the strategic mission of the organization). The strongest positive relationship between innovation orientation and organizational commitment emerged among researchers who perceived high role significance and worked in highly productive organizations. A negative relationship between innovation orientation and professional commitment also emerged among those individuals. Post-hoc analyses revealed that highly innovative, senior researchers who perceived high role significance were the most likely to report higher levels of both organizational and professional commitment. Leaders of multi-disciplinary research centers who are aware of the complexity of dynamics among organizational commitment, professional commitment, and role significance may be better equipped to effectively manage science and engineering researchers. The innovativeness of the traditional construction sector, composed of construction companies or contractors, is not one of its strong points. Likewise, its poor productivity in comparison with other sectors, such as manufacturing, has historically been criticized. Similar features are found in the Spanish traditional construction sector, which it has been described as not very innovative. However, certain characteristics of the sector may explain this behavior; the companies invest in R+D less than in other sectors and release fewer patents, so traditional innovation evaluation indicators do not reflect the true extent of its innovative activity. While previous research has focused on general innovation evaluation models, limited research has been done regarding innovation evaluation in the macro-construction sector, which includes, apart from the traditional construction companies or contractors, all companies related to the infrastructure life-cycle. Therefore, in this research an innovation evaluation model has been developed for macro-construction sector companies and is applied in the Spanish case. The model may be applied to the macro-construction sector companies in other countries, requiring the adaption of the model to the specific characteristics of the sector in that country, in consultation with a panel of experts at a national level.

The impact of standardized innovation management systems on innovation capability and business performance: An empirical study
Original Research Article  Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, Volume 41, July-September 2016, Pages 26-44 Moises Mir, Martí Casadesús, Luc Honore Petnji  Abstract This paper provides a novel analysis concerning the impact of a Standardized Innovation Management System (SIMS) on company innovation capability, innovation performance, and corporate results that is an unprecedented contribution to innovation management literature. This research is focused on the standard UNE 166002 that is one of the first national certifiable SIMSs that exists globally. It is one of the first SIMSs in the world that has reached a sufficient level of acceptance to enable an empirical study. In order to analyze its impact on companies, a relational model was developed and analyzed using hypotheses concerning with the