Ethnic Plurality and Democratic Process in Nigeria (1999-2011)

Abstract

Ethnic plurality is a feature of modern day states, and Nigeria, like many other states in the world, comprises more than two ethnic groups that make up of the state. The ethnic groups in Nigeria have been in struggle for the control of state power, with attendant impacts on the democratic train as observed in the Nigerian fourth republic. This paper therefore, shall examine the linkage between ethnic plurality and democracy by reviewing the nature of power struggle among the various ethnic groups in Nigeria. Similarly, the paper shall examine the effects of the power struggle among the ethnic groups on the voting behaviors of Nigerians, and how democratic dividends are spread across the various ethnic groups through the processes and principles of governance. In conclusion, the paper will offer suggestions on how the relationship among the ethnic groups can be strengthened to enhance the survival of Nigerian democracy.

Keywords: Ethnic plurality, democratic process, democratization, ethnicity and election.