Municipal Solid Waste Conversion to Energy and Derived Chemicals using Pyrolysis

Abstract

This research work evolved through the variables such as time and temperature to determine the highest bio-oil yields. Conventional pyrolysis was adopted in a drop type CVD pyrolyzer given the highest oil yields 32.50 %wt, at 500 ⁰C for 30 min. The bio-oil properties (CHNS-O) at various temperatures were evaluated. Carbon, hydrogen, Nitrogen, sulphur and calorivic values were observed to increase as the temperatures increases, having highest values at 500 ⁰C with a sudden decline at 550 ⁰C. While oxygen, water contents, densities and pH values decreases as the temperature increases, with lowest values recorded at 500 ⁰C and sharp increase at 550 ⁰C. Hence, the degrees of de-oxygenation also increases as the temperature increases with 18.87 %wt. at 500 ⁰C and decreased at 550 ⁰C. The results of FTIR analysis of the bio-oils at 500 ⁰C indicate functional groups such as alkyl/Aromatic substitute ether (C-O), Aromatic 1⁰ amine (C-N), Phenol/3⁰ Alkanol (O-H), alkenes (C=C), Nitriles (C-N) and amines (N-H) with their areas.

Keywords: Pyrolysis, Bio-oil, Derived chemical, Energy